This project will help to maintain and enhance the California avocado industry by continuing our research efforts to examine the impact of temperature and ethylene on the ripening quality of ‘Hass’ avocado and the susceptibility of avocados to mechanical injury following harvest. The final objective is to continue our adaptation of 2 postharvest manuals developed in New Zealand for the California industry for use in standardization of terminology and measurement of fruit quality at the packinghouse, wholesale and retail levels.